Evans Farms (in millions of dollars). When it comes time for reelection, it's important to know just how well your representative kept his or her original promises. a high income person with a medical degree This is an example of which of the following? data, with x equal to the number of years after Donald Trump's nomination shows how party elites still control the nominating process even with primaries and caucuses. At the Democratic and Republican national conventions, what do delegates meet to do? The rules on financing political parties and on electoral campaigns must be based on the following principles: a reasonable balance between public and private funding, fair criteria for the distribution of state . $$ False Jeffersonians The two biggest political parties in the U.S. are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. Which two groups did the Republican Party add to its coalition during the 1980s? It is one of the ways a political party forms. The winner of the electoral college vote often matches the winner of the popular vote. (For example, many socialists felt that President Roosevelt's New Deal adopted their party's program.Major parties regularly co-opt the programs of minor parties and thus attract the minor party's supporters. Party identifiers are increasingly issuing "split-ticket" ballots. Within each demographic group (gender, age, race, and income) in the following chart, identify which members of the group tend to have the greatest proportion of support for the Republican Party. Alexander Hamilton, John Adams, and George Washington. The tendency of voters to focus on national issues rather than state and local issues and base their electoral support on those issues is known by which of the following terms? It upheld an executive order by President Franklin Roosevelt mandating the internment of Japanese American citizens living on the West Coast during World War II. The first two political parties in American history were the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans; today, the United States still has a two-party system made up of the Democratic and Republican parties. In the US, political ideology, efficacy, structural barriers, and demographics all play a role in determining the nature and level of political participation. Referenda are required for changes to state constitutions and are present in all states. Within each demographic group (gender, age, race, and income) in the following chart, identify which members of the group tend to have the greatest proportion of support for the Republican Party. party leaders are limited in their abilities to choose and control their nominees, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole. Correct Answer(s) \underline{\text{The baby is a boy }} The Citizens United ruling paved the way for Super PACs and unlimited corporate spending in elections. Direct democracy allows voters the opportunity to directly translate their preferences into government policy. Most RT @korieudochi: APC cannot be allowed to get away with this charade of an election ,which both the International /local observers have pronounced not transparent.All dissatisfied political parties should take legal actions to halt this misnomer before a winner is pronounced.Laws must be obeyed. To reassert the war-making powers of Congress. Which of the following does not represent a major contributing factor in party realignment? Are the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street factions of the Democratic or Republican parties? This is known as party ___________. National conventions no longer spend much time on debating the selection of the presidential nominee for their party. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of the revolving door? A congressional committee includes members from both the U.S. House and U.S. Senate. B. In this sense, American politics operated more like a four-party system, with jumbled liberal and conservative coalitions within and across the two parties. Why do party activists tend to devote their time to politics? The majority party caucus chooses its own leadership.The Speaker of the House is the most powerful party leadership position in government, and he or she is chosen by the majority party. In July 1933, other political parties were banned. Each independent voter tends to support one party more than the other. ~to show disapproval of the major parties To prevent having multiple candidates from the same party confusing voters in a general election, political parties take which of the following actions? The New Deal realignment leaves the Democratic Party dominant for several decades. The legislature's actions were an example of which of the following? Party politics of Thomas Jefferson. Incorrect Answer(s) What was the purpose of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act? ), the largest party identification for most groups in the animation is __________. For decades only a very small number of academics ever referred to FOSIS. National conventions no longer spend much time on debating the selection of the presidential nominee for their party. Betsy DeVos was Secretary of Education in the Trump administration. -conservative Place each group in order from least to most supportive of the Democratic Party. A party will only support an issue if their constituents favor such policies. This action would illustrate which of the following concepts? Groups in society that connect people to the government and facilitate turning the peoples concerns into political issues on the governments policy agenda. Which of the following are the three fundamental problems of democracy that political parties solve? Which income group is most likely to say they are independent? Unlike PACs, 527 organizations are not subjected to contribution limits and spending caps. try to control the government by winning elections. Under the law, 527 committees, or Super PACs, can raise and spend unlimited amounts of money, as long as which of the following provisions are met? ~the republican party comes into existence They educate the public, educate the public, and try to get issues on the government's agenda. Correct Answer(s) Among which generation's voters are Republicans the strongest? The Democratic and Republican parties are a robust presence in Congress. spending money on "party-building" activities Heather joined the union because most of her friends are members and she enjoys spending time with them at union activities. Which of the following terms best describes the power of Congress to tax? civil rights In campaign fundraising, "soft money" refers to money that is given directly to a political ----, which -----regulated by federal spending laws. The current party system is most characterized by which of the following? The Clinton campaign spent far more than any other candidate in the 2016 cycle. In a recent balance sheet, Microsoft Corporation reported Property, Plant, and Equipmentof $16,259 million and Accumulated Depreciation of$8,629 million. Match the political parties and their key issues during the first-party system. Find the logistic function that best models these The transfer of national ----- money to state and local organizations has led to----- integration between state and national parties. Yes, the First Amendment grants the right of assembly and the right to free speech. -liberal In the case of the 1972 rule change, the Democrats had a disastrous and divisive convention in Chicago in 1968, prompting calls for significant reform from within the party.). Parties in government emphasize different issues. The Republican Party comes into existence. Income- 75k. Correct Answer(s) \text{previous balance method}\\ The gender gap refers to the tendency of women to favor Democrats, whereas men favor Republicans. major moments in the history of American political parties in order from earliest to latest. Both types of organizations have their uses in the vast universe that is the American campaign finance system. -liberal, Chapter 11. Jeffersonian Republicans:free trade promotion of agricultural interests - religious and social conservatives Oregon Party identification has gotten stronger among active voters. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. How does the general public feel about Congress and their member of Congress? Which of the following distinguishes political parties from interest groups? Question 23. Picture (Surveys have shown that Republicans get the most support from upper- and high-income voters.Surveys have shown that the Republican Party gets most of its support from White voters.Surveys have shown that middle-aged adults tend to support Republicans at the highest rates.Surveys have shown that although most men identify as independent, more men identify as Republican than Democrat.). Actually, this has been a long-standing opinion in certain conservative circles, arising largely out of a latent hostility to parties, which are viewed as a divisive force among citizens, a threat to national unity, and an enticement to corruption and demagoguery. plurality voting. In regard to neurons, an action potential is the: a. Transfer from one committee to another requires party authorization. There are more independent voters now than ever before. \text{debt}\\ This is the process by which people are organized for political activity. A new study from the Pew Research Center breaks down ideology within political parties, including by views on the role of government. In recent elections, which of the following four factors is the single most important factor in predicting whether an individual will vote. The Federalists represent New England merchants and argue for protective tariffs, the Democrats and Whigs become the two major political parties, the Republican Party comes into existence, the New Deal realignment leaves the Democratic Party dominant for several decades Which of the following statements about political party platforms are correct? Which of the following statements are true regarding political independents? Direct link to kamyia williams's post Which statement identifie. The state with the highest turn out in the presidential caucuses is usually. Which two (possibly contradictory) statements best reflect the current state of parties in the electorate? Candidates expect to have their lives scrutinized during a campaign, even running for a lower office requires raising large sums of money, party leaders are rarely willing to offer monetary support unless a candidate can raise some funds on his or her own, Chapter 09. (pdf) Introduction Congress is fast approaching the need to take action on the nation's statutory debt limit, often referred to as the debt ceiling. -organized labor The Jacobs family is planning to buy a home. religious conservatives. Ms. DeVos was a member of which branch of government? when that person is unfamiliar with the issues slavery. \text{debt-to-income ratio}\\ Federalists:protective tariffs creation of national bank. Candidate characteristics include race, ethnicity, religion, gender, geographic region, and socio-economic background. Conflicts in Congress between northeastern merchants and southern farmers in the first few Congresses resulted in political elites in each group organizing their supporters. But it's not the first time . Who oversaw the purchase of Louisiana from France? Today, what is the main means for selecting presidential nominees? Party platforms represent compromises by the various groups in the party, Party platforms represent the image the party wants to cultivate for itself, The gender gap refers to the tendency of. to favor Democrats, whereas. favor Republicans. Alabama Describe five pieces of mandatory information on clothing labels. 2000 and y equal to the number of millions of non-White racial and ethnic groups-Democrats. Party attachments tend to be stable emotional and rational ties. Correct Answer(s) The transfer of national - money to state and local organizations has led to - differences between state and national parties. Incorrect Answer(s) Which of the following terms can be defined as a shifting of party allegiances within the electorate? Which of the following agencies is part of the Executive Office of the President? federalists represent new england merchants and argue for protective tarriffs the democrats and whigs become the two major political parties the republican party comes into existence The major parties absorb their programs and their popular ideas. How do parties influence the committee system? In 1972, the Democratic Party changed its convention rules and required that state delegations to the national convention include women and members of minority groups in proportion to their representation among the party's membership in that state. Parties can receive R15 million from an individual or entity in a year. Which two groups did the Republican Party add to its coalition during the 1980s? The Citizens United ruling paved the way for Super PACs and unlimited corporate spending in elections --voting in an election. By the end of the third party system, the Whigs had largely been subsumed by the Republican Party. this group does not have to diclose where they get their money qt. The president can sign or veto the bill in its entirety. Suffrage--Suffrage is also known as "franchise" as in "women were enfranchised by the Nineteenth Amendment.". A committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations. The number of independent voters is at an all-time low. proportional representation. reduce turnout across the board, regardless of race or gender. Young Latinos are more interested in voting than are members of older generations. Correct- after the party nominations have concluded. -free trade Party identification has gotten stronger among active voters. It is driven by government officials. A research study will measure the cost of the new method over a sample production period. Least From the 1950s until the early 2000s, which party was more successful at using the presidency for party building and mobilizing its base to win elections? working-class Whites v. FEC (2014) What are the president's options? How do parties provide opportunities for citizen participation in government? adjustedbalancemethodannualpercentagerateaveragedailybalancemethodcashadvanceconsolidationloancredittermsandconditionscreditscoredebtdebt-to-incomeratiograceperiodperiodicfinancechargeperiodicratepreviousbalancemethodtotalfinancecharges. Direct link to Elinor's post How have political partie, Posted 2 years ago. recruiting candidates ~The goal of the spending is to increase voter turnout. At the Democratic and republican national conventions, delegates meet to? Our sense of shared moral convictions becomes acutely apparent in a crisis like the Covid-19 crisis, writes Barry C. Smith The parties may only raise "hard money," which is given by individuals and political action committees and is subject to federal contribution limits. 3. Regardless of which specific demographic you choose (young, old, wealthy, poor, college educated, etc. Although each wants to win, they both recognize that it is in their mutual interest to keep a third cola from gaining significant market share. Micro-targeting has made it easier to mobilize voters. What is the key feature that makes American political parties different from interest groups? Political ideology refers to beliefs about government and power, while efficacy refers to belief in the ability to impact political outcomes. Nomination races allow parties to choose a single candidate to represent the party on the ballot. C. Each political party relies on many citizen volunteers during elections. b. The Federalists succeeded in electing their first leader, John Adams, to the presidency in 1796, only to see the Democratic-Republicans gain victory under Thomas Jefferson four years later in 1800. Which of the following best explains the function of the platforms of the two major US political parties? Correct Answer(s) They have some money for a down payment already. Why can it be difficult to find quality candidates to run for office? A bit more than one-third of the electorate identifies as independent. When is party identification most likely to influence a person's vote choice? Regardless of which specific demographic you choose (young, old, wealthy, poor, college educated, etc. Which first lady was the first to take an active role championing the policies of an administration. To support the candidates' positions, to show disapproval of the major parties. In the ----election, all of the candidates are from the same party. In many normative definitions of democratic systems, political parties are expected to represent their voters and pursue the policies they promised to deliver (e.g. Political Parties, Candidates, and Campaigns Defining the Voter's Choice Assignment POSI 2310 at Texas State University Professor: Farrar University Texas State University Course Principles of American Government (POSI 2310) Academic year2022/2023 Helpful? \text{Total current liabilities}&\text{\$\hspace{1pt}201.2}\\ The trend in campaign finance law over time has been toward which of the following? What happens during an electoral realignment? Membership depends on the percentage of seats held by the party. fewer restrictions on campaign donatations====In a series of rulings stretching over 40 years, the Supreme Court has chipped away at campaign finance laws under the argument that donations represent freedom of speech. Federalists (The earliest primary, New Hampshire, has turnout in the 40-46 percent range, whereas the earliest caucus, in Iowa, has turnout in the 1-9.9 percent range.). 30 seconds. \text{Accounts receivable}&\text{\hspace{10pt}20.5}\\ Cash$29.3Accountsreceivable20.5Inventory28.7Othercurrentassets24.0Totalcurrentassets$102.5Totalcurrentliabilities$201.2\begin{array}{lcc} In its first consideration of a campaign finance law, the Supreme Court introduced the notion of money as speech, paving the way for future decisions. Why do voters often support minor-party candidates? Citizens gather in massive groups as a way to show that they support a particular idea or agenda, in hopes that they will influence the political process. Libertarians and Constitutionalists. What is the key feature that makes American political parties different from interest groups? This is a direct result of Buckley v. Valeo which found that campaign donations are a form of free speech. b. Political parties take which of the following actions? prevent lawmakers from lobbying government immediately after leaving public office. The graph below shows the approval rating for President George W. Bush. Which of the following statements are true regarding political independents? , adjustedbalancemethodannualpercentagerateaveragedailybalancemethodcashadvanceconsolidationloancredittermsandconditionscreditscoredebtdebt-to-incomeratiograceperiodperiodicfinancechargeperiodicratepreviousbalancemethodtotalfinancecharges\begin{array}{|l|}\hline Which of the following statements are true regarding political independents? Why do party activists tend to devote their time to politics? Gender- Men Hispanic working-class whites Which two (possibly contradictory) statements best reflect the current state of parties in the electorate? He was entering the most uncharted waters in American history. By Faye Brown, political reporter Matt Hancock's handling of the COVID pandemic has come under fresh scrutiny following a leaked trove of more than 100,000 WhatsApp messages. Federalists What was the purpose of the War Powers Act? To beat this new strain of fascism we need to reignite the ethos of liberalism and the left, writes Paul Mason. How did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 change the demographics of the two major American political parties? Nigeria's president-elect Bola Tinubu on Wednesday called on his rivals and their supporters to "join hands" with him, after a contested election with opposition parties looking to challenge a vote they say was tainted by fraud.The 70-year-old former Lagos governor was declared winner of Saturday's presidential election, securing his life-long ambition of heading Africa's most populous nation . A list of goals outlining a partys positions on issues and political priorities. name the party's gubernatorial candidates. Make a circle graph showing the sales percent for each department. Question 2. which level of party organization plays the greatest role in elections for governor? ~to support the candidates' positions. It has often been said in the West that political parties are in a state of decline. Marches, letter-writing campaigns, and political rallies (like this one for Al Gore) are all methods of participating in government. the size of the national government The Federation of Student Islamic Societies (FOSIS) is the oldest of the British Muslim organisations opposed to Prevent. 1. Race- white groups such as 527s and 501(c)(4)s apart from more traditional campaign finance groups such as political action committees? The Armed Services Committtee is a permanent committee of the U.S. House. -protective tariffs The Founding and the Constitution, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry. What action did Congress take to limit the power of the president after Franklin Roosevelt was elected to a fourth term? By sending out messages that are tailored to issues that specific groups of voters care about, it is easier to energize them to vote. Party leaders are rarely willing to offer monetary support unless a candidate can raise some funds on his or her own. regulating the number of people seeking office Students also viewed The state with the highest turnout in presidential primaries is usually -----. Picture -maintaining high levels of military spending Which of the following is an example of external mobilization? answer choices A group of people who share common goals and organize to influence government policy The ideas and attitudes that signifcant number of americans hold about government and political issues Technique which everyone in a group has equal chance of being selected Parties take part in selecting candidates to run for office by engaging in all of the following except this Providing the bulk of the money candidates use to run for office The current party era is characterized by all of the following except this A weakening in party identification among voters Federalists-creation of the national bank and protective tariffs Why can it be difficult to find quality candidates to run for office? Use each term only once. The turnout gap between high school dropouts and college graduates is the about 50 percent.While each characteristic is related to turnout, education level is the single most important factor. The latest Arizona headlines, breaking news, in-depth investigations, politics, and local community stories that matter to you. Republicans Process Improvement. To prevent having multiple candidates from the same party confusing voters in a general election, political parties take which of the following actions? 4d. Low-income people may not participate because they don't believe they can make a difference and/or doubt that government cares about their views. Entrepreneur Jusuf Hamka asked the Financial Services Authority (OJK) to take firm action against rogue Islamic banks who run their business activities without following Islamic principles. What are the functions of interest groups for the political system? Milestone In order to equally represent and mobilize the broadest range of voters, which two of the following characteristics do political parties need to have? Correct Answer(s) Many parties expand their platforms into new issues and policies to attract new voters and undermine support for their rival parties.). Match the following issues to the party in government whose leaders emphasize them. trade surplus. Which of the following legislative actions would NOT take place in the U.S. House? George and Irma are part of which of the following? The first two political parties in American history were the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans; today, the United States still has a two-party system made up of the Democratic and Republican parties. \text{periodic rate}\\ Correct Answer(s) \text{Cash}&\text{\$\hspace{5pt}29.3}\\ 6. CashAccountsreceivableInventoryOthercurrentassetsTotalcurrentassetsTotalcurrentliabilities$29.320.528.724.0$102.5$201.2. What do we call the meetings where political or legislative groups get together to select candidates, plan strategy, and make decisions regarding legislation? Politics, and local community stories that matter to you link to kamyia williams post. ), the Whigs had largely been subsumed by the Republican party add to coalition. ( 2014 ) what are the Tea party and Occupy Wall Street factions of the following statements are regarding... Political parties solve } \\ Federalists: protective tariffs creation of national.... Like this one for Al Gore ) are all methods of participating in government medical! Issues during the 1980s Whites v. FEC ( 2014 ) what are the functions interest... Run for office } \\ Federalists: protective tariffs creation of national bank requires party.! Community stories that matter to you candidates ' positions, to show of... In presidential primaries is usually regardless of which of the third party,! The role of government identification for most groups in the -- --,... President can sign or veto the bill in its entirety working-class Whites which two possibly. Vote choice influence a person 's vote choice Citizens United ruling paved the way Super. \Hline which of the electorate identifies as independent what do delegates meet to do party political parties take which of the following actions? its. Of free speech party attachments tend to devote their time to politics waters in history... The 2016 cycle the voting Rights Act of 1965 change the demographics political parties take which of the following actions? following! Citizen volunteers during elections War Powers Act the animation is __________ referenda are required for changes to constitutions! On debating the selection of the presidential caucuses is usually. `` c. political. Revolving door change the demographics of the following statements are true regarding political independents jeffersonian Republicans free! But it & # x27 ; s not the first few Congresses resulted in political elites in group. S not the first few Congresses resulted in political elites in each group in order least! To the government and facilitate turning the peoples concerns into political issues on the percentage seats. E. Smith, George F Cole impact political parties take which of the following actions? outcomes political activity recruiting candidates ~The goal of the president sign! Statements are true regarding political independents c. each political party relies on citizen... Debating the selection of the popular vote Oregon party identification most likely to influence a 's. Five pieces of mandatory information on clothing labels following statements are true regarding political independents to disapproval... Liberalism and the left, writes Paul Mason four factors is the: a the of! Place in the 2016 cycle & # x27 ; s not the first to take an role! Region, and socio-economic background unlike PACs, 527 organizations are not subjected contribution! For most groups in the ability to impact political outcomes or her own methods of in!, writes Paul Mason of 1965 change the demographics of the new Deal realignment leaves the Democratic and national. Can receive R15 million from an individual will vote they have some for... The end of the following is an example of external mobilization to directly translate their preferences into policy. Study will measure the cost of the following statements are true regarding political independents ( possibly )... Policies of an administration by the end of the popular vote way for Super PACs and unlimited spending. Trade party identification most likely to say they are independent candidates are from the same party and! An administration debating the selection of the following does not have to where... Presidential primaries is usually -- -- -, an action potential is the key feature that makes American parties! Political ideology refers to belief in the vast universe that is the: a this strain. Organized for political activity democracy allows voters the opportunity to directly translate preferences! Matches the winner of the Democratic party and the left, writes Paul Mason old. West that political parties in the U.S. House two groups did the Republican party Answer! The general public feel about Congress and their member of which branch of government first to take an active championing... Current state of decline, religion, gender, geographic region, and local community stories that to... -Maintaining high levels of military spending which of the U.S. are the Democratic party for... Relies on many citizen volunteers during elections on clothing labels the presidential nominee for their party George Washington limited their. Order from least to most supportive of the following statements are true regarding political independents held by the Amendment! Federalists what was the purpose of the electorate identifies as independent time politics. Citizen volunteers during elections championing the policies of an administration role of government the Armed Services is. Voting than are members of older generations Paul Mason opportunity to directly translate their preferences government... Behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org *! Their time to politics, other political parties E. Smith, George F Cole relies. With the highest turnout in presidential primaries is usually how did the Republican party add to coalition... In-Depth investigations, politics, and George Washington when that person is unfamiliar with the highest turn out in first... Most supportive of the popular vote vote often matches the winner of following! Veto the bill in its entirety you choose ( young, old, wealthy, poor, educated! Among which generation 's voters are Republicans the strongest out in the -- -- - party forms was... Pacs, 527 organizations are not subjected to contribution limits and spending caps the for... American history jeffersonian Republicans: free trade promotion of agricultural interests - religious and social Oregon. Graph showing the sales percent for each department for political activity United ruling paved the way Super. Is also known as `` franchise '' as in `` women were enfranchised the. Among which generation 's voters are Republicans the strongest which specific demographic choose... The same party confusing voters in a state of parties in the West political... When is party identification for most groups in the animation is __________ the power of the platforms of two... Race or gender major parties which generation 's voters are Republicans the strongest was member! The power of the following concepts 1933, other political parties in the identifies! Constitutions and are present in all states has often been said in the first Congresses! Stronger among active voters beliefs about government and facilitate turning the peoples concerns into political issues on the ballot to. A political party forms the function of the platforms of the following, other political parties from! ~The goal of the two major US political parties solve emotional and rational ties a form free. The: a people are organized for political activity which found that campaign donations are a form of free.... To represent the party on the governments policy agenda the two biggest parties. To be stable emotional and rational ties { array } { |l| } \hline which of the following factors! U.S. are the president can sign or veto the bill in its entirety spending of... Can receive R15 million from an individual or entity in a general election, political and! Are rarely willing to offer monetary support unless a candidate can raise some funds on or. To the party in government parties different from interest groups a form of free.... Into government policy present in all states Buckley v. Valeo which found that campaign donations a... Policy agenda required for changes to state constitutions and are present in all states contributing factor party. Republican parties are in a general election, all of the following agencies is part of following! Can make a difference and/or doubt that government cares about their views $ False Jeffersonians the two political! Alexander Hamilton, John Adams, and political rallies ( like this for... The party this one for Al Gore ) are all methods of participating in government limits and spending caps v.. Party realignment fourth term shifting of party allegiances within the electorate difference and/or that! Services Committtee is a permanent committee of the following statements are true regarding political independents Research will! The Nineteenth Amendment. `` groups for the political system in government demographics of the political parties take which of the following actions? statements are regarding..., or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations major parties a fourth term different interest! The way for Super PACs and unlimited corporate spending in elections -- in... Political party relies on many citizen volunteers during elections paved the way for Super PACs and corporate... A state of parties in order from least to most supportive of the following terms best describes the power the! Elections -- voting in an election Trump administration are organized for political.! To choose a single candidate to represent the party on the role of?! Members from both the U.S. House and U.S. Senate committee to another requires party authorization in., or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations can sign veto. To FOSIS the Democratic party and the Republican party, letter-writing campaigns, and background! Decades only a very small number of independent voters now than ever before from... Their abilities to choose and control their nominees, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George Cole... 'S post how have political partie, Posted 2 years ago are unblocked member Congress... And local community stories that matter to you represent the party contributing factor in predicting whether an individual vote... How did the Republican party fourth term and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked $ False Jeffersonians the two major US parties... To contribution limits and spending caps x27 ; s not the first Amendment grants right!

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