On general examination, the patients heart, lungs, abdomen, and extremities also had no abnormalities. The larvae develop to their adult stage in the nasopharynx of the carnivorous mammals and mate. Genetics of vulvar morph types in Haemonchus contortus: Haemonchus contortus from the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales. Morphology of Linguatula serrata tongue worm. Linguatula serrata impacts agricultural ecosystems by decreasing fitness and sometimes causing mortality in livestock. Given that viscera of slaughtered livestock plays a significant role in the transmission of this infection to humans, Careful inspection of slaughtered livestock in slaughterhouses and Preventing the slaughter of livestock illegally and unsanitary, outside the slaughterhouse, is important. Antropologia, Educao, Sociologia e Fenmenos Sociais %PDF-1.6 % a wetland area rich in accumulated plant material and with acidic soils surrounding a body of open water. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1984.33.187, Article animals which must use heat acquired from the environment and behavioral adaptations to regulate body temperature. The tree was rooted with 4 branchiura sequences as an outgroup. Dogs are the typical final hosts of L. serrata tongue worms, and children generally tend to have carefree contact with pet animals. Eggs survive well in aqueous environments, such as water or wet vegetation, where they are ingested. an organism that obtains nutrients from other organisms in a harmful way that doesn't cause immediate death, reproduction that includes combining the genetic contribution of two individuals, a male and a female. Trop Anim Health Prod. J Biomed Clinic Res 6(2):131134, Mehlhorn H (ed) (2008) Encyclopedia of parasitology.3Rd. living in the northern part of the Old World. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.01.010, Siavashi M, Assmar M, Vatankhah A (2002) Nasopharyngeal pentastomiasis (Halzoun): report of 3 Cases Iran. Reports on wild canids as definitive hosts of this parasite are scarce. The genitals are located ventrally at the fifth abdominal annulus, surrounded laterally by two genital papillae in males. Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. PubMedGoogle Scholar. International Journal for Parasitology7: 481-487. After examinations, the parasite was indeed identified as L serrata tongue worm. Linguatula serrata tongue worm in human eye, Austria. Google Scholar, Yilmaz H, Cengiz ZT, iek M, Dlger AC (2011) A nasopharyngeal human infestation caused by Linguatula serrata nymphs in Van province: a case report. Since their hosts are agricultural animals and the eggs require an aqueous environments, the occurrence of L. serrata depends on the sanitation of water and food in the area. The maximum cases (n=25) were from Sudan. 2018 Apr 30;254:78-81. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.03.006. Department of Infectious Diseases, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Zahra Nasiri,Sahar Saeedinia,Mahnaz khamseh,Mohadeseh Mohammad Salehi&Mina Zamani, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, You can also search for this author in J Egypt Soc Parasitol 29(3):787790, Musharrafeh U, Hamadeh G, Touma A, Fares J (2018) Nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or halzoun syndrome: clinical diagnosis and treatment. Chapter 96 - Rickettsiae, protozoa, and opisthokonta/metazoan. Comment submitted successfully, thank you for your feedback. You can review and change the way we collect information below. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. 2019 May;51(4):879-885. doi: 10.1007/s11250-018-1768-3. Google Scholar, Hajipour N, Soltani M, Mirshekar F (2019) Effect of age, sex, and season on the prevalence of Linguatula serrata infestation in mesenteric lymph nodes of goats slaughtered in Tabriz. Classification, To cite this page: Google Scholar, Islam R et al (2018) Linguatula serrata, a food-borne zoonotic parasite, in livestock in Bangladesh: Some pathologic and epidemiologic aspects Veterinary parasitology. . Learn more about Institutional subscriptions. This review includes previous studies on the genus Linguatula in Iran and other countries from 1940 to 2019. Google Scholar, El-Hassan AM, Eltoum IA, El-Asha BM (1991) The Marrara syndrome: isolation of Linguatula serrata nymphs from a patient and the viscera of goats. PubMed Its immature form resides in mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, lungs and spleen of herbivorous and other ruminants, which serve as its intermediate hosts. are found in the nasal passages and frontal sinuses of dogs and other canids, domestic animals, and humans. JKMU 8:175178, Mohanta UK, Itagaki T (2017) Molecular characterization and phylogeny of Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae) based on the nuclear 18S rDNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000320, Vakili S, Abbasi AIM, Movafaghi S, Fereidooni F, Daryani N (2012) Report of a case with small bowel obstruction by a rare parasite (Pentastomiasis). In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed . (Tavassoli, et al., 2007). Scanning electron microscopy examintion of larval Linguatula serrata Frlich (Linguatulidae: Pentastomida). Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60:405409. Trees were rooted with 4 branchiurian sequences (GenBank nos. All experimental procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Reza Ghasemikhah. 2017 Aug;55(4):433-437. doi: 10.3347/kjp.2017.55.4.433. She was admitted to the Outpatient Clinic of Infectious Diseases of Erci Government Hospital with a complaint of coughing a few worms about 4 cm long from the oral cavity, and also sore throat, partial voice loss and vomiting. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. The worm escaped into the posterior segment of the eye where it was found, after lens removal and complete vitrectomy, in a recess of the ciliary body. eCollection 2020 Apr. having body symmetry such that the animal can be divided in one plane into two mirror-image halves. It is uncommon in the UK and USA, but has a prevalence of over 40% in some Middle Eastern countries. Prevalence of Linguatula serrata infestation in stray dogs of Shahrekord, Iran. living in residential areas on the outskirts of large cities or towns. Hepatic granuloma due to a nymph of Linguatula serrata in a woman from Michigan: A case report and review of the literature. Pentastomid females usually mate only once during their lifetime, but eggs develop inside females, who have already stored sperm in the spermathecae. T he species Linguatula serrata belongs to the Phylogenetic position of the Pentastomida and (pan)crustacean relationships. Shamsi S, Halajian A, Barton DP, Zhu X, Smit WJ, Roux F, Luus-Powell WJ. American Journal of Tropical Medicine, 33 (1): 187-189. Georgopoulos M, Pruente C, Boeckeler W, et al. The definitive hosts of L. serrata include carnivores such as dogs, wolves, and coyotes. The reason for the presentation of this case is that Linguatula serrata, a parasite rarely encountered in humans, was found in a patient in Van province. Cases of infection of this parasite commonly occur where animals are raised, such as slaughterhouses and farms. All data obtained in this study and its publication processing were upon informed consent. This generalist approach helps the parasite evade a host defense. While many pentastomid males die directly after mating, Linguatula serrata males may live for a period of time after mating. Dermatol 181(4):327329, Chejfec G (1999) Markell & Voges medical parasitology. A case of human infestation with Linguatula serrata in a woman is described. The parasite was examined in the Parasitology Laboratory and it was observed that this parasite was the nymph of L. serrata whose mouth was surrounded with four hooks and had approximately 90 body segments with small hooks. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database, and Irandoc) and reviewed. gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate), causes or carries domestic animal disease, 2020 Regents of the University of Michigan. The authors thank the Infectious Diseases Research Center of Arak University of Medical Sciences. Iran Tropical Animal Health Prod 51:879885. mature spermatozoa are stored by females following copulation. Similarly, the chief definitive hosts of L. serrata are dogs existing in urban areas, also leaving natural ecosystems relatively unaffected. Nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or halzoun syndrome: clinical diagnosis and treatment. If swallowed by the definitive host, the eggs are passed through the feces to the external environment. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The 18S rDNA was amplified and sequenced stepwise by using 6 internal primers (P1fw, P1rev, P2fw, P2rev, P3fw, P3rev) (13) and a 310 ABI PRISM automated sequencer (Applied Biosystems, Darmstadt, Germany); 3 sequences each were obtained from both strands. The life cycle of Linguatula spp. Many refer to these larvae as "nymphs," although they actually are a nauplius. A) Ventral anterior end with hooks. They are always parasitic or paratenic, causing zoonotic disease in definitive hosts or remaining asymptomatic as larvae in the paratenic host. Behrmann, K. 2012. The reason for the presentation of this case is that Linguatula serrata, a parasite rarely encountered in humans, was found in a patient in Van province. Parasitology, 86: 59-83. The intermediate host ingests the eggs off aquatic or wet vegetation in the external environment. Tran Roy Soci Trop Med Hyg 85(2):309309, Foreyt WJ (2013) Vet Parasitol Ref Man. Infection may also be acquired through ingestion of eggs from plants or water in the environment. RG, MZ, MS, YM, MKH and BE contributed equally to the formulation of the review question/objectives, development of the search strategy, conducting the searches, data extraction, data analysis/interpretation, and writing the manuscript. An individual researcher undertook the bibliographic search and evaluation of articles based on inclusion/exclusion of specific criteria. a wetland area that may be permanently or intermittently covered in water, often dominated by woody vegetation. (Banaja, 1983), Adults ingest food in the final host's respiratory tract. Reviews of Infectious Diseases, 9 (6): 1087-1095. Trk Parazitol Derg 35(1):47. Google Scholar, Bamorovat M, I Sharifi, R T Oliaee et al (2020) Linguatulosis in small ruminants in southeastern Iran: epidemiological, histopathological and phylogenetic findings and its public health importance. Prevalence of Linguatula serrata infection in domestic bovids slaughtered in Tabriz Abattoir, Iran. Dispatches.indd The authors declare no conflict of interest. Infestation may occur in the viscera, where immature forms develop in the liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, or in the nasopharyngeal area. Microbial Patho 104600, Bhende M, Abhishek JB, Raman M, Bhende PS (2014) Linguatula serrata in the anterior chamber of the eye. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. Common name: Tongue worm. This stage of infection is typically asymptomatic. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1705.100790, Lai C, Wang XQ, Lin L, Gao DC, Zhang HX, Zhang YY, Zhou YB (2010) Imaging features of pediatric pentastomiasis infection: a case report. https://iranjournals.nlai.ir/handle/123456789/249016, Mohammadi GA, Mobedi I, Ariaiepour M et al (2008) A case report of nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis in Tehran, Iran and characterization of the isolated Linguatula serrata. Parasitology Research Data is collected weekly and does not include downloads and attachments. There was little information on the longevity of adults, but other pentastomid species can live for around ten years. Bogs have a flora dominated by sedges, heaths, and sphagnum. The parasite was 4.5 mm long, appeared whitish, and had a flattened (tongue-like) body shape with a rounded anterior (0.9 mm wide) and pointed posterior end (0.35 mm). Hepatic granuloma due to an error, unable to load your delegates due to an.... 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Carnivorous mammals and linguatula serrata in humans treatment chief definitive hosts of L. serrata tongue worm Mehlhorn (. Advanced features are temporarily unavailable or wet vegetation, where they are always parasitic or paratenic, causing zoonotic in... Annulus, surrounded laterally by two genital papillae in males and its publication processing were upon informed consent environment! Or intermittently covered in water, often linguatula serrata in humans treatment by sedges, heaths, and sphagnum, heaths, extremities. Wild canids as definitive hosts of this parasite are scarce carefree contact with pet..